This fifth Indian Geography set covers natural vegetation, wildlife conservation, population and transport. It tests forest types and their rainfall zones, well-known biosphere reserves and national parks, the key Census 2011 figures, and major ports and waterways at the level asked in UPSC Prelims.
How to practise: read each question and tap the option you think is correct. You will see right away whether you got it, along with a short explanation, and your score is tracked at the bottom of the screen. This set has 15 questions.
Topics covered in this set
- Tropical evergreen, deciduous and thorn forests
- Mangrove forests
- Biosphere reserves and national parks
- Project Tiger and wildlife conservation
- Census 2011: sex ratio, literacy and density
- Ports and inland waterways
UPSC Indian Geography MCQs with answers and explanations
Q1. Tropical evergreen forests with ebony, mahogany and rosewood are found mainly in areas receiving annual rainfall of:
a) More than 200 cm
b) Exactly 100 to 150 cm
c) Less than 50 cm
d) 50 to 100 cm
Q2. Which type of forest is the most widespread in India?
a) Tropical deciduous (monsoon) forests
b) Tropical evergreen forests
c) Mangrove forests
d) Montane forests
Q3. The Sundarbans delta takes its name from which tree that grows there?
a) Teak
b) Sundari
c) Sal
d) Deodar
Q4. Acacia, babool and khair trees with long roots and thorny branches are typical of forests found mainly in:
a) Rajasthan, Gujarat and other dry areas of north-west India
b) The Western Ghats
c) The Andaman Islands
d) The Brahmaputra valley
Q5. Which was the first biosphere reserve established in India, in 1986?
a) Sundarbans
b) Nilgiri
c) Gulf of Mannar
d) Nanda Devi
Q6. Which biosphere reserve is a marine reserve lying between India and Sri Lanka, known for coral reefs and the dugong?
a) Simlipal
b) Sundarbans
c) Gulf of Mannar
d) Great Nicobar
Q7. Keibul Lamjao, the floating national park that is the home of the sangai (brow-antlered deer), is located on which lake?
a) Loktak
b) Wular
c) Chilika
d) Dal
Q8. Gir National Park in Gujarat is the only natural home of which animal?
a) Asiatic lion
b) Snow leopard
c) One-horned rhinoceros
d) Wild ass
Q9. In which year was Project Tiger launched in India?
a) 1986
b) 1952
c) 1973
d) 1991
Q10. According to Census 2011, what was the sex ratio of India?
a) 933 females per 1000 males
b) 940 females per 1000 males
c) 943 females per 1000 males
d) 927 females per 1000 males
Q11. What was India's literacy rate according to Census 2011?
a) 74.04%
b) 65.46%
c) 64.84%
d) 80.88%
Q12. According to Census 2011, what was the population density of India?
a) 382 persons per km²
b) 325 persons per km²
c) 1106 persons per km²
d) 420 persons per km²
Q13. Which state recorded the highest sex ratio in Census 2011?
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Goa
c) Himachal Pradesh
d) Kerala
Q14. Which is the deepest landlocked and protected port on the east coast of India?
a) Paradip
b) Chennai
c) Visakhapatnam
d) Kolkata
Q15. National Waterway 1 runs along the Ganga between which two places?
a) Sadiya and Dhubri
b) Patna and Kolkata
c) Kollam and Kottapuram
d) Prayagraj (Allahabad) and Haldia
Quick revision notes
- Evergreen forests: rainfall over 200 cm; deciduous (monsoon) forests are the most widespread; thorn forests in dry north-west India.
- Mangroves grow in tidal deltas; the Sundarbans are named after the Sundari tree.
- Nilgiri: first biosphere reserve (1986); Gulf of Mannar: marine reserve; Keibul Lamjao on Loktak lake; Gir: Asiatic lion; Project Tiger 1973.
- Census 2011: sex ratio 943, literacy 74.04%, density 382 per km²; Kerala highest sex ratio (1084), Bihar highest density (1106).
- Visakhapatnam: deepest landlocked port; NW-1 Prayagraj–Haldia on the Ganga; first train ran from Mumbai to Thane in 1853.
Frequently asked questions
Are these UPSC previous year questions?
No. They are original practice questions written to the NCERT and UPSC Prelims syllabus on natural vegetation, wildlife, population and transport.
Which Census figures should I memorise?
Learn the national sex ratio, literacy rate, density and decadal growth, and the states with the highest and lowest value of each.
How should I prepare national parks and biosphere reserves?
Group them by state and mark them on a map along with the main species each protects. Prelims questions often pair a park with its animal or location.
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